1. Explain any five reforms introduced by Napoleon in the regions under his control.
ANS. Napoleon incorporated revolutionary principles in the administrative field to make the whole system more rational and effective. His Civil code of 1804 was also known as Napoleonic code.
(a) First, he did away with all the privileges based on birth. Everyone was placed equally before the law.
(b) He abolished the feudal system and freed peasants from serfdom and manorial dues.
(c) He secured the right to property.
(d) Peasants, artisans, workers and new businessmen enjoyed the taste of new found freedom as guild restrictions were removed in towns.
(e) Uniform laws, standardized weights and measures and a common national currency facilitated the movement and exchange of goods and capital from one region to another.
(f) Transport and Communication systems were important which led to easy and quick movement of goods.
2. How did the Treaty of Vienna 1815 come into being?
ANS. Representatives of the European powers_ Britain,Austria, Russia and Prussia_ met at Vienna in 1815. They had defeated Napoleon collectively and wanted to draw up a settlement for Europe. The Congress was hosted by the Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich. The object of Treaty of Vienna was to undo most of the changes that had come about in Europe during the Napoleonic wars.
ANS. Napoleon incorporated revolutionary principles in the administrative field to make the whole system more rational and effective. His Civil code of 1804 was also known as Napoleonic code.
(a) First, he did away with all the privileges based on birth. Everyone was placed equally before the law.
(b) He abolished the feudal system and freed peasants from serfdom and manorial dues.
(c) He secured the right to property.
(d) Peasants, artisans, workers and new businessmen enjoyed the taste of new found freedom as guild restrictions were removed in towns.
(e) Uniform laws, standardized weights and measures and a common national currency facilitated the movement and exchange of goods and capital from one region to another.
(f) Transport and Communication systems were important which led to easy and quick movement of goods.
2. How did the Treaty of Vienna 1815 come into being?
ANS. Representatives of the European powers_ Britain,Austria, Russia and Prussia_ met at Vienna in 1815. They had defeated Napoleon collectively and wanted to draw up a settlement for Europe. The Congress was hosted by the Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich. The object of Treaty of Vienna was to undo most of the changes that had come about in Europe during the Napoleonic wars.
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